Terrestrial (Coastal Forest), Shoreline (Mangrove Forest, Backshore, Sandy Beach). Along sea-shores, swamps and along tidal river margins up to 20 m altitude.
Distribution in Singapore
It grows in mangrove forests and coastal habitats. It occurs locally in Choa Chu Kang, Kranji, Jurong, Pasir Ris, Changi, UIu Pandan, Pasir Panjang, Geylang, Tanjong Katong, Pulau Ubin (including Chek Jawa), Pulau Tekong (including Pulau Tekong Kechil and Pulau Unum), Sungei Pandan, Pulau Semakau, Pulau Pawai, Pulai Senang.
Distribution worldwide
Coastal areas of east Madagascar , India to Australia (including the coasts of East India, Sri Lanka, Andaman Islands, South China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, Borneo, New Guinea, Northeast Australia, Micronesia (Palau Islands), and Solomon Islands)
Flowering and fruiting
Dispersal
Abiotic (Water)
Wildlife interactions
Caterpillar Food Plant
Light conditions
Full sun
Soil conditions
Moist Soils, Waterlogged Soils (Drains Site, Does not Drain Site), Well-Drained Soils, Fertile Loamy Soils
Water
water tolerant
Remarks
Additional references
Middleton, D.J., Leong-?korni?kov‡, J. & Lindsay, S. (ed.). 2019. Flora of Singapore, Volume 13. Singapore: National Parks Board. x + 654 pp.