Commonly found in primary and secondary forest, mainly in plains but also on hillsides and ridges up to 1500 m altitude. It always occurs scattered, in Peninsular Malaysia and north-eastern India at a density of about 2.5 trees/ha. Prefers heavy soils developed from gneiss and other metamorphic rocks, but it also grows well on sandy loams developed from sandstone. Mostly along rivers and streams and on ridges with sandy soils.
Distribution in Singapore
It occurs locally in Bukit Timah Nature Reserve, and in the vicinity of Chestnut Track, Mandai Road, Pulau Ubin, and Pulau Tekong.
Distribution worldwide
India, Burma, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo (Sabah, East-Kalimantan), Philippines.
